French Sister States
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Heads of Italy
Italian Personalities
Rome
Statistics
Name - Stati Uniti d'Italia (Italian) / Siedignene Drxave Italie (Slavo-Dalmatian) / (Italo-Albanian)
Continent - Europe
Capital - Rome
Administration
Head of state - National Council (collective)
Head of government - Consul for General Affairs ---------
Legislature - Tribunate (initiative), National Consulta (decision)
President of the Tribunate -
President of the National Consulta -
Conserving body - Ephorate
President of the Ephorate -
Judiciary - Permanent Tribunal
President of the Permanent Tribunal -
Form of government - Federal republic under a democratic confidential consular constitution
Form of law - Cambacérès Code
Demonym - Italian
Geography
Area -
Largest cities
-Milan
-Naples
-Rome
Time zone - TMP+00:00
Currency - Italian lira
Demography
Language - Italian, Slavo-Dalmatian, Italo-Albanian
Population -
Density -
Symbols
National festival - Anniversary of the Unification (August 27) - commemorating the Capture of Rome (1848)
Anthem - Il Canto degli Italiani
Motto - Dio e popolo
Flag
-based on combining French flag with Roman flag
Government
National Council
-ceremonial body
-1 from each state
-appoints the Consuls and that's it
Consuls
-there is a Consul of General Affairs, Consul of the Interior, and Consul of the Exterior
-conducts executive affairs along with an appointed Council of State
-Consul of General Affairs leads the government itself
Tribunate
-elected by the whole people
-proposes laws, submitted to the National Consulta with 1/4 support
-consuls are ex officio members
National Consulta
-predates the full unification of Italy as it had served as general assembly of Italian confederation
-elected by the whole people
-enacts laws
Ephorate
-set number appointed from within list for unusually long term
-determines the constitutionality of laws
Permanent Tribunal
-assembly which even predates the full unification
-also, cases of accusation are submitted to it
Lists of eligibility
-as with France, all officeholders unless civil servants have to be eligibles
-also laws which constitute Ephorate have to anoint people from eligibles
Religion
Independent Catholic
-officially the Roman Constitutional Catholic Church
-but often known as the "Mazzinian Church" abroad
-and it has ambitions of becoming a world church with only some success
-split grown from deep sense of nationalism
-strongest in
-Liguria
-Piedmont
-Aosta Valley
-Friulia
-Roman Republic
-Etruria
-Bononia
-Abruzzo
-Naples
-deeply shaped by Mazzinian ideology
-Godliness shaped by the nation
-and to incalculate man with a sense of duty and social solidarity
-and to unify the people as a nation
-daily pledge of duties of man
President of the Constitutional College of Cardinals: Italo Biagini
Roman Catholic
-massively weakened and now only a minority of Italians are Roman Catholic
-with the papacy having been forced into exile
-strongest in south and Venetia
-however patchy in both
-in particular Naples and Sicily are very Independent Catholic
Judaism
-liberation of Jews deeply associated with Italian nationalism
-and liberation comes wherever Italian armies come
-continues further under Heads of Italy > 1854-1863 Giuseppe Mazzini (Young Italy)
-who further enshrines Jewish liberation as part of Italian nationalism
-also a considerable Jewish minority grows in late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries
Italian constituent states
Ligurian Republic
-Genoa
Subalpine Republic
-Piedmont
Etrurian Republic
-Tuscany
Transpadane Republic
-Parma+Modena
Cispadane Republic
-Milan + mantua + part of venice
-milan was overrun by french troops in 1798, so was venice west of adige
Roman Republic
-following a few attempts, decisively established in 1849, pope flees to madrid
-declared in roman forum, takes full advantage of roman legacy
-but papal properties and vatican reserved for papacy, holy see recognized as corporation
-pope officially granted power of foreign sovereign, made unamendable
-nonetheless, pope still refuses to accept this
-made worse when italian nationalists throw body of deceased pope into the tiber
-eventually, pope makes return in early 20th century, escapes associationist revolution in spain
State of Lucca
-invaded rep of lucca, made it into modern republic
Parthenopean Republic
-Naples
-got invaded in 1820s and then revolutionized, but then it got overthrown by lazzaroni and rome gets retaken too
-then gets invaded again in 1840s and revolutionized again
-due to federalism, does economically better, also naples becomes major industrial centre
Trinacrian Republic
-Sicily
-was british-aligned, including having a liberal constitution for a bit that got removed
-invaded in 1829 following peace with britain, then revolutionized
Ichnusan Republic
-Sardinia
-invaded due to antifeudal revolt in 1820s, initially britain beat it then post revolution it returned
Bononian Republic
-Bologna
-invaded in 1820s then republicanized
Raetian Republic
-Graubunden + valtellina + tessin
-following partition of rhodanic republic between france and italy, three leagues and tessin amalgamated into italy
Transathesian Republic
-Venice
-Formed out of Venetian Republic east of adige river
-Named in contrast to oligarchical Venetian Republic
Istrian Republic
-Formed out of Venetian Republic
-Held strong French military presence
-Italian and Croatian co-official, but Italian predominant thanks to existing large Italian minority, internal migration, and urbanization
Dalmatian Republic
-Formed out of Venetian Republic
-Held strong French military presence
-was invaded in 1840s by croats, they gave very bad impression even to local croats, then by end of war was retaken
-according to census, was 33% italian upon formation, got higher due to migration and urbanization
-due to croats and italians both being catholic, acculturation eased
-was not part of nation-building process in croatia
-Italian and Illyrian (local south slavic dialect in venetian-style orthography) co-official, Italian predominant but not to Istrian extent
Republic of Ragusa
-Growing French influence led to it being forced to shed its policy of strict neutrality in favour of integration
-then was democratized
-Rector, in power for a year (formerly a month), is purely ceremonial head of state and is typically an administrative judge
-Great Council was forcibly democratized, now it is house of legislative decision
-Small Council now executive branch of government
-Senate, consisting of Small Council, former Small Council, former Rectors, and national list members, now house of legislative proposal
-Former Small Council are now the official opposition, former Rectors now make up a judicial committee that serves as an administrative court
Ascruvian Republic
-venetian albania made separate republic
Melitean Republic
-(Malta)
-Established by overthrowing the Knights Hospitaller rule
-Italian, Maltese co-official but after a long period of language attrition